Method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissue paper



Sept. 25, 1962 c. c. BOLYARD 3,055,797

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEQUIN IMPREGNATED TISSUE PAPER Filed March 18,1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 f INVENTOR.

g' CHAR/.55 CLEVE 501mm a BY M N Sept. 25, 1962 c. c. BOLYARD METHOD OFMANUFACTURING SEQUIN IMPREGNATED TISSUE PAPER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FiledMarch 18, 1957 .0. mm mm. m m Z 6 T f L Wm M 3,055,797 Patented Sept.25, 1962 3,055,797 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEQUIN IMPREGNATED TISSUEPAPER Charles Cleve Bolyard, Los Angeles, Calif. Filed Mar. 18, 1957,Ser. No. 646,853 7 Claims. (Cl. 162-181) This invention relates tomethod of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissue paper, and is acontinuationin-part of the copending application Serial No. 548,432,filed November 22, 1955, now U.S. Patent No. 2,949,398, for SequinImpregnated Paper and Process for Making.

Included in the objects of this invention are:

First, to provide a method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissuepaper wherein sequins are premixed with water, maintained in an agitatedcondition, and introduced simultaneously with, but separate from, stuffand water into the header box and caused to flow with the stuff andwater through the header box and discharge through a slice at highvelocity onto the traveling wire screen of a Fourdrinier paper makingmachine.

Second, to provide a method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissuepaper wherein air is introduced in the flow of stuff and sequins throughthe header box at points wherein concentration of sequins tends to occurto redistribute the sequins.

Third, to provide a method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissuepaper wherein the sequins are introduced in a region of maximumagitation and at a region of minimum stuff concentration; that is, inthe region wherein the water content is in the range between 99.7% to99.95% water, the remaining fraction of percent being the tissue paperstuif.

Fourth, to provide a method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissuepaper having anodized and dyed aluminum sequins of approximately thethickness of the finished tissue paper in which the proportion of weightof sequins to tissue paper stulf is approximately 6% and the percentageof sequins to the water and stuif being between 018% to 003% by weight.

Fifth, to provide a method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissuepaper wherein the sequins are jetted at high velocity through the sliceand tend, on emerging from the slice, to seek preferentially the topsurface of the paper so that the sequins are more conspicuously visiblefrom the top side of the finished tissue sheet.

Sixth, to provide a method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissuepaper wherein fibers of the paper stock interlace over the surfaces ofthe sequins, but more so over the under surfaces thereof, so that thesequins are entrapped in the paper to withstand handling of the paperand the wrapping of packages therewith.

With the above and other objects in view, as may ap pear hereinafter,reference is directed to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGURE 1 is a diagrammatical sectional view showing a typical header boxand receiving end of a Fourdrinier paper making machine, and indicatingthe apparatus whereby sequins are introduced into the header box;

FIG. 2 is a substantially diagrammatical, sectional view through 2-2 ofFIG. 1, showing the manner in which the flow of sequins and water aredivided to effect initial distribution into the header box;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged, fragmentary, diagrammatical, sectional viewshowing the receiving end of a Fourdrinier wire machine and slice,illustrating the discharge of the water, stuff, and sequins onto theWire;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view of the sequin impregnated tissue paper;

FIG. 5 is a greatly enlarged, substantially diagrammatical, fragmentary,sectional view taken through 55 of FIG. 4, showing a sequin and adjacentportion of the P p FIG. 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary, top view of asequin and adjacent portion of the tissue paper;

FIG. 7 is a similar bottom view of a sequin and adjacent portion of thetissue paper.

Tissue paper manufactured by use of a Fourdrinier machine involves thepreparation of suitable stufi, mixing the stuff with Water, and passingthe mixture through suitable wire scerening units 1 which discharge intoa header box 2. Here the mixture is passed under and over a series ofbaflles 3 and 4, and through perforated distributor rolls 5 and 6submerged in the flow passage of the mixture.

The water and stuff then pass between a slice 7 and an apron 3 onto awire screen 9 of a conventional Fourdrinier machine, as the wire 9completes passage around a breast roll 10. The wire 9 passes over aplurality of table rolls 11, under a dandy roll (not shown), around acouch roll (not shown), and then between suitable tensiom'ng rolls backto the breast roll.

The mixture on entering the header box 2, as well as on leaving theslice, is approximately 99.7% to 99.95% water and only 0.3% to 0.05%stutf. An optimum mixture contains between 99.8% and 99.9% water. Wateris drained from the stuff as it passes with the Wire along the tablerolls 11 until at the dandy roll the water content is about 80% and thestuff 20%.

At an approximate point beyond the dandy roll the stuff, now essentiallya paper web, is stripped from the wire and fed into a drying machine(not shown). Initially the paper web is carried on belts of felt, buteventually, in the drying and finishing process, the paper passesbetween steel finishing rolls which exert high pressure on the paper.

In the exercise of the present invention, sequins 12, preferably in theform of aluminum foil of approximately the thickness of the finishedtissue paper 13, and are of predetermined size and shape; that is, thesequins are cut in various patterns, such as various geometrical shapes,stars, hearts, etc., as shown in FIG. 4. The aluminum foil stock isanodized and dyed in various attractive colors.

Care is taken to cut single thicknesses of aluminum foil, otherwisethere is danger that laminations of foil will not separate. If not, theexcessively thick foil is flattened by the finishing rolls of the papermaking machine, making unattractive blotches in the tissue paper.

The sequins 12 are fed in a dry condition in a hopper 14, and dischargeinto a shaker pan 15 mounted on a suitable vibrator 161, the amplitudeor frequency of which may be regulated by a suitable control 17. Thesequins are shaken from the pan 15 into an inclined trough 18 into whichwater from a supply pipe 19 is fed. The water and sequin mixture flowsdown the chute or trough 18 to a divider 2 1 which divides the mixtureequally for flow through pipes 22. Additional Water from a supply pipe23 is preferably introduced just prior to the divider 21 to further aidthe flow and facilitate equal division of the water and sequins into thepipes 22.

The pipes 22 discharge into the header box 2, preferably immediatelyabove the regions at which the water and stuff enter. In these regionsthere exists a maximum amount of agitation which ensures maximumdistribution of the sequins.

In the course of flow of the sequins, stuff, and Water through theheader box, air is introduced from nozzles 24 located wherever thesequins may tend to concentrate pulp constitutes only one or two tenthsof a percent stuff. The percentage of sequins by weight is approximately6% of the weight of stuff; so it can be seen that the percentage ofsequins issuing with the water constitutes only a small fraction of theliquid and solid material discharged under the slice 7.

In the manufacture of tissue paper, the Fourdrinier wire travels atapproximately 600 ft. per minute. The thickness of the stuff andsequin-laden water stream on issuing is approximately Ma" to Duringtravel of the mixture on the wire 9, most of the water drains throughthe wire so that at the discharge end of the wire the water content hasdropped to approximately 80% and the web comprising the 20% stuff andsequins is approximately .001" or .002" thick, or not greatly in excessof the thickness of the final paper.

It has been found that when the Fourdrinier wire is operated at arelatively high surface speed, such as 600 ft. per minute, and the headof liquid behind the slice 7 is maintained at a suificient value tosustain the flow of water, stuff, and sequins onto the Fourdrinier wire,that the sequins tend to seek the upper layer, so that when finallyfelted into position at the discharge end of the Fourdrinier wire asubstantially larger percentage of the sequins are located at the uppersurface of the paper. Ths phenomenon does not occur at lower speedsemployed in the production of paper heavier than tissue paper. In otherwords, this phenomenon occurs in the manufacture of sequin impregnatedtissue paper ranging from 10 to 16 lbs. in weight, but does not occur,or is far less prominent, when the machine is operated at a slower speedto produce paper in the range of 30 lb. weight.

The tendency of the sequins to seek the upper surface of the paperenables them to stand out brightly against the paper background, and togive the tissue paper right and wrong sides. The result is that a s quinimpregnated tissue paper of superior quality is produced.

As pointed out previously, the sequins are preferably formed of aluminumfoil of approximately the thickness of the finished. tissue paper. Thediameter of the sequins may vary from to 7 The sequins are notnecessarily exactly the thickness of the finished paper; for example,the tissue paper may have a normal thickness of .0017" whereas thesequins may be as thick as .0024".

The sequins are, in any case, covered on both sides by fibers of thetissue paper. These fibers are of microscopic size. By reason of thefact that the sequins tend to seek the upper surface of the tissuepaper, the fibers, designated 26, which extend over the upper surfacesof the sequins, are gossamer, and, as indicated in FIG. 6, are scarcelyvisible and offer virtually no obstruction to the reflection of lightfrom the sequins. On the other hand, the fibers, designated 27,underlying the underside of a sequin, are greater in number, asindicated in FIG. 7. The fibers 26 and 27 tend to imprison the sequinsso that the tissue paper may be used for its various intended purposes,such as wrapping, without appreciable loss of the sequins.

It should be noted that while a large majority of the sequins have asubstantially lesser number of overlying fibers on their upper sides,this is not necessarily true of all of the sequins, for there is aprecentage of sequins which are not as favorably located in the tissuepaper. The essential fact is, however, that in the manufacture of sequinimpregnated tissue paper as distinguished from heavier bodied paper,there is a substantially larger percentage of sequins exposedprominently at the upper surface of the paper.

Also, it should be noted that the original shapes and sizes of thesequins are not altered in the flow through the header box and sliceonto the Fourdrinier wire. This is true of even pointed or star-shapedsequins.

It should be noted that the diagrammatical view in FIG. 1 (excluding thesequin-handling apparatus) represents substantially a paper makingmachine which is a Fourdrinier-type paper machine manufactured byBagley- 4 Sewall of Watertown, New York, No. N-4-l89, and was originallyinstalled about February 18, 1927, and known as the No. 2 machine of theColumbia River Paper Mill at Vancouver, Washington. On installation ofthe sequinhandling apparatus, this machine was used to producesuccessfully sequin impregnated tissue paper.

While the method of manufacture of the sequin impregnated tissue paperis best carried out by use of a Fourdrinier machine, the method isadaptable to other types of paper making machines, providing that in thesequence of apparatus there is a region of great agitation of the stuffand water into which the sequins may be added.

For example one type of conventional machine utilizes a cylindrical drumof large diameter having a wire screen or perforated surface. The drumrotates within a header box partially submerged in the stuff and water.A vacuum pressure is maintained within the cylindrical drum so that thewater is drawn through the walls of the drum causing the stuff todeposit on the external surface of the drum. The resulting web isremoved from the exposed upper portion of the drum and fed to drying andprocessing machines, similar to those employed in connection with aFourdrinier machine.

In the exercise of my invention by use of such cylinder drum-type papermaking machine, the sequins are introduced into the header boxcontaining the drum at a region of great agitation, or introduced intothe conventional beater boxes which may precede the header box. Theessenital fact being that the sequins are thoroughly agitated and mixedwith and dispersed throughout the water and stuff prior to the settlingor felting of the stuff on the cylindrical drum.

Sequin impregnated tissue paper made on the cylindrical drum-type ofmachine tends to be of lower quality for the reason that the sequins donot appear to deposit preferentially closer to one surface than theother of the tissue paper. That is, there is a tendency for bothsurfaces of each sequin to be covered by an excess of fibers which dullsthe appearance of the paper or requires a larger percentage of sequinsto obtain the same effect as that obtained with the use of a Fourdriniermachine.

One reason for this may be due to the fact that in the Fourdriniermachine the initial sheet of water, stuff, and sequins has apredetermined initial thickness delivered by the slice. A limitedquantity of Water drains downwardly through each unit area of stuff, Itmust, however, flow around the sequins; therefore, there is a possiblewashing of some fibers from the top sides of the sequins by the smallquantity of water which must flow over the surface of the sequins inorder to pass downwardly through the Fourdrinier wire.

The cylindrical drum, on the other hand, is submerged in the water andstuff and is thus surrounded by a large quantity of stuff which can, andprobably does, replace the fibers that would otherwise be washed ordisplaced from the eventual upper surfaces of the sequins. In any case,it has been observed that there is a greater percentage of bright oronly lightly covered sequins when the Fourdrinier machine is utilized ascompared to the cylindrical drum-type of machine.

While a particular embodiment of this invention has been shown anddescribed, it is not intended to limit the same to the exact details ofthe construction set forth, and it embraces such changes, modifications,and equivalents of the parts and their formation and arrangements ascome within the purview of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissue paper,characterized by: cutting sequins from foil stock having approximatelythe thickness of finished tissue paper; mixing the sequins with water insufiicient quantity to be readily and individually visible throughoutthe area of the finished paper; introducing the sequin-water mixtureinto the header box of a paper making machine simultaneously with and inthe region of introduction of stuff and water therein, whereby thesequins are immediately distributed throughout the water with the stuff;maintaining the sequin, stuff, and water mixture agitated during flowthrough the header box; and discharging the sequin, stuff, and watermixture through a slice onto the wire of a Fourdrinier paper makingmachine.

2. A method of manufacturing sequin impregnated tissue paper,characterized by: introducing into tissue paper stufi a water mixturecomprising between 99.7% and 99.95% water, 0.3% and 0.05% stuff, andless than .03% of sequins cut from anodized aluminum foil having athickness approximating that of the finished tissue paper; agitatingsaid mixture of sequins, stuif, and water; then discharging through aslice onto a Fourdrinier wire; and then permitting drainage of waterthrough said wire to cause settling of the sequins and stuff fibers intoa blanket wherein the fibers of the stufi underlie the sequins to securethe sequins therein.

3. A method of manufacturing sequin impregnated paper wherein a stuffand water mixture is passed through a header box and slice onto aFourdrinier wire, characterized by: introducing into said header boxsimultaneously with said stuff and water a mixture of sequins and water;dispersing the sequins throughout the stuff and Water mixture byagitated flow of the mixture through the header box; introducing airinto the header box to break up concentrations of the sequins; anddischarging the sequins with the stud and water through the slice ontothe Fourdrinier wire, the quantity of sequins being suificient to bereadily and individually visible throughout the area of the finishedpaper.

4. A method of making sequin impregnated paper, comprising: dispensinginto the stuff during its flow between the header box and. the slice aquantity of sequins; agitating the stuff and sequins to effect anintimate mixture, thereby to entrain the sequins with the fibers andfilaments comprising the stuif; and discharging the stuff and entrainedsequins through the slice onto a paper making machine, the quantity ofsequins being sufficient to be readily and individually visiblethroughout the area of the finished paper.

5. In a method of making sequin impregnated paper, wherein stufi ispassed from a header box through a slice onto paper making machinery andis agitated in its course of flow to the slice, the step of: introducingsequins into the stuff adjacent a region of agitation to efiectintermingling of the stuff and sequins, the quantity of sequins beingsufficient to be readily and individually visible throughout the area ofthe finished paper.

6. A method of making sequin impregnated tissue paper, comprising:agitating a stuff and water; introducing sequins into the agitated stuffand water to effect an intimate mixture of stufi and sequins anddispersal of the stuif and sequins; depositing the stuff and sequins ona porous member by flow of the water through said member, to form a webof predetermined thickness; and removing the resulting web for dryingand pressing into tissue paper sheet, the quantity of sequins beingsuflicient to be readily and individually visible throughout the area ofthe finished paper.

7. A method of making sequin impregnated tissue paper, comprising:agitating a stuff and water; introducing sequins into the agitated stuffand Water to effect an intimate mixture of stuif and sequins anddispersal of the stufi and sequins; depositing the stuff and sequins ona porous member by flow of water through said member until a webapproximating the thickness of said sequins is deposited; and removingthe resulting web for drying and pressing into tissue paper sheet ofapproximately the thickness of said sequins, the quantity of sequinsbeing sufficient to be readily and individually visible throughout thearea of the finished paper.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS322,034 Beck July 14, 1885 342,315 Beck May 25, 1886 447,336 MacdonoughMar. 3, 1891 681,074 Perkins Aug. 20, 1901 852,918 White May 7, 19071,581,655 Monaghan Apr. 20, 1926 2,328,198 Davenport Aug. 31, 19432,550,388 Simon et al Apr. 24, 1951 2,550,776 Clem May 1, 1951 2,614,656Clark et a1. Oct. 21, 1952 2,654,170 Nestor Oct. 6, 1953 2,693,415 SchurNov. 2, 1954 2,739,608 Brower Mar. 27, 1956 FOREIGN PATENTS 61,460Germany Mar. 15, 1892 237,828 Great Britain Aug. 6, 1925 516,322 GreatBritain Dec. 29, 1939 OTHER REFERENCES TAPPI Section, June 26, 1941, pp.319, 320 and 32,1.

1. A METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SEQUIN IMPREGNATED TISSUE PAPER,CHARACTERIZED BY: CUTTING SEQUINS FROM FOIL STOCK HAVING APPROXIMATELYTHE THICKNESS OF FINISHED TISSUE PAPER; MIXING THE SEQUINS WITH WATER INSUFFICIENT QUANTITY TO BE READILY AND INDIVIDUALLY VISIBLE THROUGHOUTTHE AREA OF THE FINISHED PAPER; INTRODUCING THE SEQUIN-WATER MIXTUREINTO THE HEADER BOX OF A PAPER MAKING MACHINE SIMULTANEOUSLY WITH AND INTHE REGION OF INTRODUCING OF STUFF AND WATER THEREIN, WHEREBY THESEQUINS ARE IMMEDIATELY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE WATER WITH THE STUFF;MAINTAINING THE SEQUIN, STUFF, AND WATER MIXTURE AGITATED DURING FLOWTHROUGH THE HEADER BOX; AND DISCHARGING THE SEQUIN, STUFF, AND WATERMIXTURE THROUGH A SLICE ONT THE WIRE OF A FOURDRIER PAPER MAKINGMACHINE.